旅游开发影响下的“对立与共生”--传统村落公共空间“二元拼贴”研究

"Opposition and Symbiosis"under the Impact of Tourism Development:A Study of"Dual Collage"in Traditional Village Public Space

传统村落公共空间作为居民长期生产生活的主要场所,是社会物质和历史文化的映射,并以具象化手段展示地域特色。然而,随着旅游开发的介入,传统村落内生的公共空间形成了"新旧"资源的"二元拼贴"状态,产生了经济水平与历史文化的相互博弈。通过传统村落的实地调研,文章定义了旅游开发影响下传统村落的重构公共空间、复合公共空间和原生公共空间,分析了传统村落产生的"二元拼贴"的"对立与共生"现状,即空间秩序(图底重置与尺度转换)、礼治秩序(生产资料与血缘、地缘)、功能秩序(原真性体验与日常行为活动)的三方面影响,并从多维序列的时空保护、原生功能的传统营建、居民权益的主体复位三种角度提出策略建议,以期对传统村落可持续发展及乡村振兴建设提供借鉴。

As the main place for long-term production and life of residents,the public space of traditional villages is a reflection of social material and historical culture,and it uses concrete means to display regional characteristics.However,with the intervention of tourism development,the internal public space of traditional villages has formed a"dual collage"of"new and old"resources,resulting in a mutual game between economic level and historical culture.Through traditional villages survey in the field,the reconstruction of public space,composite public space and native public space under the development of traditional village tourism were defined in this work,and we analyzed the opposition and symbiosis of the"dual collage"generated by tourism development,which are the spatial order(figure impacts on the three aspects of resetting and scale conversion),ritual order(production material and blood relationship,geography),functional order(authentic experience and daily behavior activities).Finally,some strategic suggestions were made from the multi-dimensional sequence of space-time protection,traditional construction of native functions,main rights and interests of residents,with a view to providing reference for traditional village sustainable development and rural revitalization.