长距离引调水水温影响研究——以东风水库为例

Study on Influence of Water Temperature on Long Distance Water Diversion——Taking Dongfeng Reservoir as an Example

由于引调水工程水源区与受水区地理气候的不同,两者水域水温存在显著差异,长距离引水后将对受水湖库水温及受水区的灌溉取用水产生影响。以滇中引水工程充蓄水库之一的东风水库为研究目标,通过构建宽度平均的立面二维数值模型,研究不同引水过程对水库库区水温及灌溉取用水的水温影响。研究结果表明,东风水库调节性能较强,引水前后库区水温结构均为不稳定分层型,工程水源区低温水对库区水温结构影响较小;水库充蓄水后灌溉取水低温水时间有所延长,平水年4~12月灌溉取水水温较引水前偏低0.4~2.0℃。应加强库区和渠道水温监测,适当采用水温恢复措施,减缓低温水灌溉的不利影响。

Due to the difference of the geographic climate between the water source area and water demand area of water diversion project,the water temperature of the two water areas is significantly different,and the water temperature of the lake reservoir and the irrigation water of the water demand area will be affected after the long-distance water diversion.In this paper,the Dongfeng Reservoir,one of the reservoirs in Central Yunnan Water Diversion Project,was taken as the research target.The water temperature was simulated under the conditions of different operations in the Dongfeng Reservoir by laterally—averaged water temperature model.The results showed that the regulation performance of Dongfeng reservoir is strong,it has unstable water temperature stratification characteristics before and after operation of Central Yunnan Water Diversion Project.The low-temperature water in water source area has little effect on the water temperature structure in the reservoir.After the reservoir is filled with water,the low-temperature irrigation water intake period is extended.The irrigation water temperature intake from April to December in normal water year is 0.4 to 2.0℃ lower than that before Water Diversion Project.Water temperature monitoring in reservoir areas and channels should be strengthened,and water temperature restoration measures should be appropriately adopted to mitigate the adverse effects of low-temperature water irrigation.