口腔颌面-头颈肿瘤患者术后发生谵妄的回顾性分析及护理对策

Retrospective Analysis and Nursing Strategies of Postoperative Delirium in Patients with Oral and Maxillofacial,Head and Neck Tumors

目的:探讨口腔颌面-头颈肿瘤患者术后谵妄发生的相关因素及护理对策。方法:回顾性分析上海交通大学附属第九人民医院口腔颌面-头颈肿瘤科2015年1月—2016年12月收治的2759例手术患者的相关资料。按照患者是否发生谵妄分为两组,即谵妄组(54例)和非谵妄组(2705例),统计各组患者的性别、年龄、酗酒史、术后感染、气管切开及疼痛的情况,总结术后发生谵妄的相关因素,归纳并进行统计学分析。结果:谵妄组年龄、酗酒史、性别、气管切开、疼痛情况与无谵妄组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:临床护理人员可通过充分了解口腔颌面-头颈肿瘤患者术后发生谵妄的相关因素,从而完善术前宣教,制订有效的护理措施,实施预防措施及护理干预措施,以提高患者及其家属术后的依从性,降低患者术后谵妄的发生率。

Objective:To explore the related factors and nursing strategies of postoperative delirium in patients with oral and maxillofacial and head and neck tumors.Methods:A retrospective study was used to analyze 2759 surgical patients admitted to the department of oral and maxillofacial,head and neck tumors of the Ninth Peoples′Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University from January 2015 to December 2016.According to whether delirium occurred,the patients were divided into two groups:delirium group(n=54)and non delirium group(n=2705).The gender,age,alcohol history,postoperative infection,tracheotomy and pain of the patients were calculated.To summarize the related factors of postoperative delirium,and to sum up and make statistical analysis.Results:There were significant differences in age,alcohol history,gender,tracheotomy,pain between the two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:To understand the related factors of postoperative delirium in patients with oral and maxillofacial head and neck tumors,clinical nurses can improve the preoperative counselling,formulate effective nursing measures,implement preventive measures and nursing intervention measures,so as to improve the compliance of patients and their families after operation,reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium.