论戏仿、复调与反讽释义——以小说《爱无可忍》和《使女的故事》为例

On Parody,Polyphony and Irony Interpretation:Taking Enduring Love and The HandmaidS Tale as Examples

反讽的基本特点是一个文本中的符号对象相互冲突,当同一个文本被解释出两个对立而并存的意义,反讽往往成为处理这种双义解释的方式,借助双义解释之间的张力,文本获得超越传达表面意义的效果。复调理论强调文本中不同声音之间的对话性;如果这种对话始终维持冲突关系,就会生成对文本的反讽释义。戏仿是形成文本的复调性对话并且突出对话中的冲突关系的重要途径之一。在小说《爱无可忍》和《使女的故事》中均出现了戏仿文本,小说文本在总体上呈现复调性。在小说中不同体裁文本的复调对话中,小说呈现出强烈的反讽意味,超越了虚构故事所传达的表面意义,而指向对叙述行为本身的价值与意义的反思。

The basic feature of irony lies in the conflict between semiotic objects in a text-When the same text is interpreted wth two opposing but coexisting meanings,irony often becomes a way to deal with this kind of dual-meaning interpretation.Wth the tension between the dualmeaning interpretations,the text can convey more than surface meaning.Polyphony theory emphasizes the dialogue between differentvoices in the text.If these voices keep in a conflicting relationship,they will produce an ironic interpretation of the text.Parody is one ofthe important ways to form a polyphonic dialogue in a text andhighlight the conflicting relationship in the dialogue.Parody textsappcar in the novels,End uing Love and The Handmaid's Tale,making the texts generally polyphonic.It is in the polyphonic dialoguesof different genre texts in the novel that the novel presents a strongsense of irony,which transcends the surface meaning conveyed by thefictional story,and points to the value and meaning of the narrative behavior itself.