2020年巢湖流域防洪存在的问题及其对策探讨

Discussion on existing problems and countermeasures of flood control in Chaohu Lake Basin in 2020

受气候变化、极端天气和人类活动影响,巢湖流域水雨工情已然发生了变化。2020年汛期受持续强降雨和长江高水位顶托共同影响,巢湖流域发生超历史洪水,流域内裕溪河、牛屯河、永安河等主要支流全线超警戒水位,部分支流甚至超保证水位,且高水位持续时间在长江流域各河流湖泊中最长。针对巢湖流域长期高水位运行中暴露出的洪水调蓄空间不足、排泄不畅、区域防洪排涝能力偏低等问题,剖析了导致这些问题的原因,并提出了优化巢湖流域防洪体系的建议。要重点补齐防洪工程短板、提高洪水预报及调度能力、提高洪水管理水平。研究成果可为巢湖流域防洪能力提升和防洪规划修编提供思路和方法。

Due to the climate change,extreme weather and human activities,the water,rain and engineering condition in Changjiang River Basin were changed.In the flood season of 2020,Chaohu Lake Basin experienced a super-historical flood because of the continuous heavy rainfall and the high water level jacking in the Yangtze River.The water level in Yuxi River,Niutun River,Yongan River and other major tributaries in the basin were all above the warning level,and some tributaries even exceeded the guaranteed level,and the duration time of high water level was the longest among all rivers and lakes in the Changjiang River Basin.Aiming at the exposed problems of Chaohu Lake Basin,such as insufficient space for flood storage,difficult discharge capacity of river channel,the lower flood control ability of local areas,we analyzed the reasons and proposed optimization suggestions and countermeasures to the flood control system of Chaohu Lake Basin,which can provide thoughts and methods for promoting the flood control ability and revising the flood control planning.