脑室腹腔分流术后并发症原因分析及护理对策

Analysis of complications after ventriculoperitoneal shunt and nursing measures

目的探讨脑室腹腔分流术后并发症原因分析及护理对策。方法以2018年10月至2019年12月因脑积水在本院就诊的80例患者为研究对象,统计患者术后并发症情况,并分析性别、年龄、格拉斯哥昏迷指数(GCS)评分等与并发症的关系,探讨相对应的护理对策。结果80例患者中,无并发症患儿72例(90.0%),总并发症发生率为10.0%。其中分流管阻塞3例,占所有并发症中的37.5%,分流不足或过度2例(25.0%);术后感染4例(50.0%),硬膜下积液1例(12.5%)。单因素研究显示,年龄、入院时GCS评分、手术时间均是术后并发症发生的危险因素(均P<0.05);多因素研究显示,年龄、入院时GCS评分、手术时间均是术后并发症发生的独立危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论早期行脑室腹腔分流术更有利于患者恢复,根据高危因素制定各类措施有助于减少各种术后并发症的发生,有助于改善患者的预后。

Objective To explore the causes of complications after ventriculoperitoneal shunt and the nursing countermeasures.Methods 80 patients with hydrocephalus treated in our hospital from October 2018 to December 2019 were selected as the research objects,and the postoperative complications of the patients were statistically analyzed,and the relationship between gender,age,GCS score,and complications were analyzed,the corresponding nursing countermeasures were explored.Results In 80 patients,there were 8 cases of complications,with the total complication rate of 10.0%.Among them,there were 3 cases of obstruction of flow tube,accounting for 37.5%of all complications,2 cases(25.0%)of insufficient or excessive shunt,4 cases of postoperative infection(50.0%),and 1 case(12.5%)of subdural effusion.The single factor study showed that age,GCS score at admission,and operation time were risk factors of postoperative complications(all P<0.05);the multi factor study showed that age,GCS score at admission,and operation time were independent risk factors of postoperative complications(all P<0.05).Conclusion Early ventriculoperitoneal shunt is more conducive to the recovery of patients,the development of various measures according to high-risk factors helps to reduce the incidence of postoperative complications and improve the prognosis of patients.