弗洛伊德道德起源观探赜

Freud’s View of Moral Origin

与其他学派论述道德起源思想不同,弗洛伊德的道德起源观建立在图腾禁忌、矛盾情感、俄狄浦斯情结之相互作用关系之上。他认为道德起源于人内心具有的俄狄浦斯情结,在图腾制度与各项禁令的压抑之下产生的道德焦虑和矛盾情感既是产生道德的基础又是道德起源的心理原因。通过对弗洛伊德道德起源观的考察,不难发现弗洛伊德将道德问题放在其潜意识理论和本能理论中进行研究,图腾与禁忌在一定意义上规范了人的行为,维系了人类伦理秩序,升华了人的精神内涵。

Different from other thought on the origin of morality,Freud’s view of moral origin is based on the interaction between the taboo,the Ambivalenceofemotions and the Oedipus complex.He thinks that the morality originates from the Oedipus complex in human heart,and the moral anxiety and the Ambivalenceofemotions generated under the suppression of totem system and various prohibitions are not only the basis of morality,but also the psychological cause of moral origin.Through the investigation of Freud’s view of moral origin,we find that Freud still put moral issues in his subconscious theory and instinct theory to study.The totem and taboos,in a certain sense,regulate human behavior,maintain human ethical order and sublimate human spiritual connotation.