阆中市土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值影响

Impact of Land Use Change on Ecosystem Services Value in Langzhong City

为评价阆中市土地利用变化对该市生态系统服务价值的影响,以阆中市2009和2019年两期土地利用数据为依据,基于GIS空间分析方法和景观生态学理论定量分析阆中市土地利用变化和生态系统服务价值的响应关系。研究发现:1)2009—2019年阆中市土地利用结构变化显著,在总面积不变的情况下,建设用地增加最多,增加7101.86 hm 2;耕地减少最多,减少12738.33 hm 2;土地转移变化中耕地与林地、耕地与建设用地间的转移分别居于主要地位和次要地位。2)阆中市土地利用动态度变化显著,园地变化最快,林地变化最慢。3)阆中市生态系统服务价值达60亿元以上,10年间生态价值共减少660万元,总体有稍微下降趋势。生态价值减少幅度最大的是耕地,减少了177.62百万元,林地生态价值增加幅度最大,增加了120.67百万元;林地、耕地、水域这三类土地利用类型的生态系统服务价值之和大于95%,构成阆中市生态系统服务价值体系的主体。4)阆中市生态系统服务价值呈空间集聚分布格局且集聚程度略有增加。低值区范围呈明显的扩张趋势,集中分布于以建设用地类型为主的阆中市中心城区;热点区范围基本保持不变,主要分布在南北走向的流域以及城区周围的乡镇。

On the basis of land use data of Langzhong City in 2009 and 2019,the quantitative analysis of response relationship between land use change and ecosystem service value is conducted by GIS spatial analysis method and landscape ecology theory so as to evaluate the impact of land use change on ecosystem service value.The results are as follows:1)The land use structure in Langzhong City has changed significantly;although the total land area is the same,the construction land has increased the largest by 7101.86 hm 2,whereas the cultivated land has reduced the most by 12738.33 hm 2;the land transfer from cultivated land to forest land occupies the leading position while the transfer from cultivated land to construction land takes a second place.2)The dynamic change of garden use is the fastest while that of forest land is the slowest in the land use dynamics of Langzhong City.3)Although the ecosystem services value has reached more than 6 billion yuan,it has slightly decreased with a total reduction of 6.6 million yuan in the past 10 years;the ecological value of cultivated land has decreased the most by 177.62 million yuan while that of forest land has increased the most by 120.67 million yuan;the sum of ecosystem services value of forest land,cultivated land and waters is greater than 95%,forming the main body of ecosystem service value system.4)The value of ecosystem services of Langzhong City shows a spatial agglomeration distribution pattern and the degree of agglomeration has slightly increased;the range of low-value areas with an obvious expansion trend is concentrated in the urban area,where construction land is the main type;the area of hot spots is mainly distributed in the north-south watershed and the towns around the urban area,which remains basically unchanged.