林业技术对控制水土流失的作用探究

Study on The Role of Biological Measure in Controlling Soil Erosion

采用人工模拟降雨试验,模拟不同林分结构、不同草地盖度、不同厚度枯落物层的坡面产流产沙过程,研究其对坡面水土流失的调控机制。结果表明:(1)林地、枯落物层、草地延缓初始产流时间作用显著;(2)三者的产流过程曲线均为先快后慢最终平稳;坡面产流强度随林地、枯落物层、草地的覆盖度增加而减小;本次实验中,林地、枯落物层、草地分别能最高能降低产流强度46%、52%、29%,分别能最高能降低产沙强度78%、97%、90%。说明林业措施对于控制水土流失具有显著作用。

In order to study the regulation mechanism of soil and water loss on slope,artificial rainfall experiment was used to simulate the runoff and sediment production process of slope with different forest structure,different grassland coverage and different thickness of litter layer.The results show that:(1)forest land,litter layer and grassland have significant effect on delaying the initial runoff generation time;(2)the runoff generation process curves of the three are first fast,then slow and finally stable;the runoff generation intensity of slope decreases with the increase of forest land,litter layer and grassland coverage;in this experiment,forest land,litter layer and grassland can reduce the runoff generation intensity by 46%,52%and 29%,respectively,with the highest energy The intensity of sediment yield was reduced by 78%,97%,90%.It shows that forestry measures have significant effect on controlling soil erosion.