我国规划环评制度的进展、面临的挑战及对策建议

Progress,Challenges and Suggestions of Planning EIA System in China

本文系统梳理了我国规划环境影响评价(以下简称环评)制度的进展,分析了规划环评制度有效性仍存在的不足及原因,提出了对“十四五”规划环评改革的建议:一是树立“规划科学是最大的效益”理念,进一步明确相关部门在规划环评中的责任和义务;二是通过修订《中华人民共和国环境影响评价法》进一步明确规划环评成果落地途径,提高规划环评意见的法律约束力,使得规划环评意见能够纳入规划、并传导到经济社会建设中;三是要构建“三线一单”与规划环评的联动体系,夯实规划环评技术体系,进一步发挥规划环评的有效性。

This paper systematically reviewed the progress of planning EIA system in China,and analyzed the deficiencies and reasons of the effectiveness of planning EIA.Some suggestions on the reform of planning EIA in the 14th Five-Year Plan were put forward.Firstly,the concept of“scientific planning is the greatest benefit”should be established,and the responsibilities and obligations of relevant departments in planning EIA should be further clarified.Secondly,through the revision of EIA law,the implementation path of planning EIA results should be further clarified,and the legal binding force of planning EIA opinions should be improved,so that planning EIA opinions can be incorporated into planning and transmitted to economic and social construction.Thirdly,it is necessary to build a linkage system of“Three base lines and one list”and EIA,consolidate the technical system of planning EIA,and further promote the effectiveness of planning EIA.