司督阁与盛京施医院、奉天医科大学的创立

Dugald Christie and the Establishment of Mukden Hospital and Mukden Medical College

在近代奉天城,苏格兰长老会传教士司督阁出于传教动机于1883年首次成立西医诊所,并于1887年将其发展成为第一家西医医院:盛京施医院。盛京西医学堂作为盛京施医院学习班始于1892年,于1912年发展成为东北第一所医科大学:奉天医科大学,同时盛京施医院成为大学的实习医院和附属医院。此过程体现了近代中国医学传教发展之模式,即从诊所与医院到医科学习班与大学,这既源于司督阁的医学传教的动机、素质与思想,也离不开中国政府和社会对基督教特别是西医高度认可和迫切需要,同时还与盛京施医院自身发展的需要密切相关。

Based on the missionary motivation,the Scottish Presbyterian missionary Dugald Christie established the first western medicine clinic in Mukden in 1883 and developed it into the first western medicine hospital Mukden Hospital in 1887.The Mukden Western Medical School started to work in 1892 as the subsidiary organization of Mukden Hospital and developed into the first medical university in northeast China:Mukden Medical College in 1912.Meanwhile,as its affiliated hospital,Mukden Hospital could provide practice teaching opportunities.The process reflected the development mode of medical mission from clinic(hospital)to Western medical school(medical university)in modern China.This was not only due to Dugald’s missionary motivation and the development of his thought,but also related to the highly acceptance of Christianity and the urgent need for western medicine of Chinese government and society Especially,it met the needs for development of the hospital.