湘潭市城乡居民健康素养水平现状及影响因素分析

Status quo of residents’ health literacy in Xiangtan City, Hunan Province and the influencing factors

目的了解湘潭市居民健康素养水平及影响因素,为有针对地制定健康教育政策和措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层多阶段与人口规模成比例抽样(PPS抽样法)随机抽样方法和KISH法结合抽取湘潭市5个区1207名15~69岁城乡常住居民进行问卷调查。结果2018年湘潭市居民健康素养水平具备率城市为22.73%,农村为10.48%,总体为16.86%,多因素Logistic回归分析显示,区域、文化程度、城乡是湘潭市居民健康素养的主要影响因素。结论2018年湘潭市居民健康素养水平较2016年有一定提高,城乡和区域差异明显,湘潭市健康促进应以农村地区、文化程度较低人群的为重点,加强基本医疗和慢性病防治知识方面的宣传教育,特别注重居民健康行为的养成。

Objective To know about the health literacy level of residents in Xiangtan City of Hunan Province and its influencing factors,so as to provide scientific basis for formulating targeted health education policies and strategies.Methods A stratified multi-stage and population proportionate random sampling method and the KISH selection method were used to select 1207 urban and rural residents aged 15 to 69 years from 5 districts of Xiangtan City for a questionnaire survey.Results In 2018,the health literacy level of residents in Xiangtan City was 22.73%for urban residents and 10.48%for rural residents,with a total of 16.86%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that district,educational level and living in urban or rural areas were the influencing factors of the health literacy of residents in Xiangtan City.Conclusions The health literacy level of residents in Xiangtan City has been improved in 2018 in comparison with that in 2016.There are urban-rural and regional differences.Health promotion inXiangtan City should focus on rural areas and residents with lower education level,enhance the publicity of primary health care and chronic disease prevention,and put emphasis on the development of healthy behaviors among residents.