城市社区疫情防控网格化管理现状分析与机制优化

Status Analysis and Mechanism Optimization of Gridded Management for Epidemic Prevention and Control in Urban Communities

目的了解社区利用网格化管理开展新冠病毒肺炎疫情防控工作的现状与成效,为优化城市社区疫情防控网格化管理机制提供参考。方法采用目的抽样法与滚雪球抽样法相结合的方式,从湖南省长沙市5个主城区抽取246名社区居民进行网络问卷调查,对数据采用卡方检验和非参数检验进行组间比较。结果246例居民中,72例(29.3%)居民完全不了解网格化管理,仅7例(2.8%)非常了解。130例(52.8%)居民表示被上门排查过,另外56例(22.8%)居民未被互联网渠道排查;187例(76.1%)居民对所在社区疫情防控措施满意(含较满意、非常满意)。不同年龄、学历的人群对社区网格化管理的了解程度差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中45~59岁组、本科及以上学历显示出较高了解程度。结论以长沙市为例,此次疫情防控中城市社区的网格化管理成效较好,居民满意度较高,但仍有多处亟需改进。建议从多方加强网格内部建设、促进医疗健康服务在社区公共服务层面的融入、善用大数据与互联网等方面着手以优化机制。

Objective To understand the current status and effectiveness of community-based management in carrying out the prevention and control of the COVID-19,clarify residents'understanding of community gridded mana-gement,so as to provide references for improving the gridded management mechanism for epidemic prevention and control in urban communities.Methods 246 community residents had been recruited from five jurisdictions of Chang-sha City,Hunan Province for questionnaire survey by purposive sampling and snowball sampling.The data was compared among groups by Chi-square test and non-parametric test.Results Among the 246 residents,72(29.3%)did not understand grid management at all,and only 7(2.8%)knew very well.130(52.8%)residents indicated that they had been inspected on site,and another 56(22.8%)residents had not been inspected through Internet channels;187(76.1%)residents were satisfied with the epidemic prevention and control measures in their community(including relatively satisfied and very satisfied).There was a statistically significant difference in the understanding of community gridded management among people of different ages and education(P<0.05),and the 45~59 group bachelor degree and above showed a higher degree of understanding.Conclusion Taking Changsha as an example,the gridded management in urban communities present good performance and achieve high residents'satisfaction in the epidemic prevention and control of COVID-19.However,there are still many areas that need to be improved urgently.To optimize the mechanism,it is recommended to strengthen the internal construction of the grid from multiple parties,promote the integration of medical and health services at the level of community public services,and make good use of big data and the Internet.