重庆市主要河流生态环境水量评价分析

Analysis on ecological water demands in major rivers of Chongqing in China

基于重庆市第三次水资源调查评价成果,根据重庆市小江等8个主要控制断面的径流分配及基本生态环境需水量、目标生态环境需水量调查情况,分析了重庆市各站基本生态环境需水量成果的合理性和目标生态需水量的满足程度。结果表明:自2000年以来,虽然随着重庆市大量水电工程的兴建及经济的高速增长,局部地区流域下垫面发生改变,在一定程度上改变了河流的自然状况,年径流量发生系统性偏小,但由于枯季径流量有一定增加,流域内生态基流和目标生态需水量基本得到满足,整体情况良好。

Based on Third Surveying and Evaluating Water Resources for Chongqing City and according to runoff distribution and basic ecological water demands,target ecological water demands at eight major control cross-sec⁃tions such as Xiaojiang,the authors analyze the rationality of basic ecological water demand results of the cross-sections and the satisfaction degree of target ecological water demands.The results show that in Chongqing City since 2000,with the construction of a large number of hydropower projects and the rapid increase in regional economy,watershed underlying surface in local zones changed the natural condition of rivers and leaded to system⁃atical lower in annual runoff,but as the dry-season runoff increased to a degree,ecological basic flow and target ecological water demand in watersheds could be basically met,and it is in a good condition generally.