基于QFD和FKM的自走式青贮饲料收获机设计研究

Design of self-propelled silage harvester based on QFD and FKM

【目的】针对国内青贮饲料收获设备作业方式单一、工作效率低等突出问题,提出基于质量动能展开(quality function deployment,QFD)与模糊Kano模型(fuzzy-Kano model,FKM)相结合的农机产品创新设计集成方法,对青贮饲料收获设备进行整机优化,实现收获、打捆一体化的生产作业模式.【方法】首先运用文献研究法和调查法搜集信息进行设计目标定义,然后利用FKM获取目标用户需求的层次化模型及重要度计算;再结合QFD构建用户需求与设计要素关系矩阵,确定各设计要素权重值,明确设计重点,完成设计决策;最后完成产品设计与输出.【结果】设计完成的自走式青贮饲料收获机,作业性能良好,各项性能指标实测值均达到合格,符合设计要求.【结论】通过QFD与FKM集成方法完成的农机设备兼具功能性与创新性,有效解决了国内青贮饲料收获设备存在的不足,填补了国内农机市场空白,对同行业农机具产品开发设计具有可行性和借鉴作用.

【Objective】Aiming at the outstanding problems of domestic silage harvesting equipment such as single operation mode and low work efficiency,the innovative design and integration method of agricultural machinery products based on the combination of quality function deployment(QFD)and fuzzy-Kano model(FKM)is proposed,and the whole silage harvesting equipment is optimized to realize the integration of harvesting and bundling.【Method】The literature and survey were conducted to collect information to define design goals.The FKM was used to obtain the hierarchical model and importance calculation of target.The relationship matrix between user needs and design elements were constructed with QFD to determine the weight value of each design element,to clarify the design focus,to complete the design decision and to complete the product design and output.【Result】Practice showed that the designed self-propelled silage harvester had good operating performance,and the measured values of various performance indicators were satisfied with the standard and met the design requirements.【Conclusion】The self-propelled silage harvester completed by the integrated method of QFD and FKM has both functional and innovative,effectively solving the shortcomings of domestic silage harvesting equipment,filling the gap in the domestic agricultural machinery market,and feasibility and reference for the development and design of agricultural machinery products in the same industry effect.