14741例儿童7种常见呼吸道病毒检测结果分析

Detection of 7 kinds of common respiratory viruses causing respiratory tract infection in 14741 pediatric patients

目的分析住院患儿7种常见呼吸道病毒抗原检测结果,为儿童呼吸道病毒感染的临床诊疗提供科学依据。方法收集2016年3月—2018年2月厦门市儿童医院14741例0~12岁呼吸道感染住院患儿鼻咽拭子或灌洗液样本,采用直接免疫荧光法检测流感病毒A型(IFA)、流感病毒B型(IFB)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、腺病毒(ADV)、副流感病毒1型(PIV1)、副流感病毒2型(PIV2)和副流感病毒3型(PIV3)7种呼吸道病毒抗原,分析不同年龄、不同性别患儿病毒感染流行特征。结果14741例呼吸道感染患儿中,7种常见呼吸道病毒抗原检出阳性3693例(25.05%),其中男性患儿2355例(15.98%)、女性患儿1338例(9.08%)。7种呼吸道病毒抗原阳性率由高到低分别为:RSV(15.15%)、ADV(3.49%)、PIV3(3.12%)、IFA(1.08%)、IFB(1.01%)、PIV1(0.91%)、PIV2(0.29%)。婴儿组(<1岁)ADV、RSV和学龄前组(6~<12岁)IFB不同性别患儿阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其他年龄各组不同性别患儿7种常见呼吸道病毒感染率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论厦门地区引起儿童呼吸道感染的主要病毒为RSV、ADV和PIV3。7种常见呼吸道病毒在不同季节、不同年龄段和不同性别患儿中的感染率存在差异,建议医疗机构根据病毒流行特点采取防控措施。

Objective To analyze the detection results of 7 kinds of common respiratory viruses,and to provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric respiratory tract infection.Methods The nasopharynx swab or lavage fluid samples were collected from 14741 hospitalized children with respiratory tract infection from March 2016 to February 2018 in Xiamen Children's Hospital.Influenza A(IFA),influenza B(IFB),respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),adenovirus(ADV)and parainfluenza 1(PIV1),parainfluenza 2(PIV2),parainfluenza 3(PIV3)were detected by direct immunofluorescence method.The epidemic characteristics of different ages and sex were evaluated.Results Among the 14741 cases,3693 cases were positive for the 7 kinds of common respiratory viruses,and the positive rate was 25.05%.The positive rate was 15.98%in 2355 male children,and the positive rate was 9.08%in 1338 female children.The positive rates of children infected with various respiratory viruses were RSV 15.15%,ADV 3.49%,PIV33.12%,IFA 1.08%,IFB 1.01%,PIV10.91%,PIV20.29%,respectively.There was statistical significance for ADV and RSV in infant group(<1-year-old)and IFB in preschool group(6-<12-yearold)(P<0.05).There was no statistical significance for the other groups(P>0.05).Conclusions The main pathogens in children with respiratory tract infection of pediatric children are RSV,ADV and PIV3,and there were differences among different viruses in different seasons,sex and ages in Xiamen.Prevention and control measures should be taken.