中国生态环境损害赔偿索赔主体机制的探析

Analysis on the subject mechanism of China's ecological environmental damage compensation claim

生态环境损害赔偿索赔主体的确定是生态环境损害赔偿制度的基础,只有明确了索赔主体,索赔程序才能启动,生态环境损害赔偿制度才能得到落实,受损的生态环境才能得到有效修复。目前中国生态环境损害赔偿索赔主体机制还处于初步探索阶段,存在着法律规定不完善、索赔主体范围单一、主体间分工不清等问题。因此,有必要在分析生态环境损害赔偿索赔权的理论基础上,借鉴国外的有关规定,从完善中国相关法律规定、扩大索赔主体范围、细化分工、明确索赔顺序等方面入手,进一步完善中国生态环境损害赔偿索赔主体机制。

The determination of the claimant for ecological environmental damage is the basis of the compensation system for ecologi⁃cal environmental damage.Only when the claimant is clarified can the claim process be initiated,the compensation system for ecologi⁃cal environmental damage can be implemented,and the damaged ecological environment can be effectively repaired.At present,Chi⁃na's main body of compensation for ecological and environmental damage is still in the preliminary exploration stage,and there are some problems such as incomplete laws and regulations,a single scope of claim subjects,and unclear division of labor among sub⁃jects.Therefore,it is necessary to further improve China's eco-environmental damage compensation claim subject mechanism from the aspects of improving China's relevant laws and regulations,expanding the scope of claims,refining the division of labor,and clarify⁃ing the order of claims,based on the analysis of the theory of eco-environmental damage compensation claim right,drawing lessons from the relevant provisions of foreign countries.