广西柑橘生产的区域比较优势及其影响因素——基于29个主产县区的实证

Comparative Advantages and Influencing Factors of Citrus Production in Guangxi:An Empirical Analysis Based on the Data of 29 Major Citrus Producing Counties/Districts

柑橘产业是广西"九张创新发展名片"之一的优势特色农业,探究广西柑橘区域比较优势对推进产业转型升级具有重要意义。基于2003~2018年柑橘主产区相关数据,分析广西3大主产区及29个主产县区柑橘生产的区域比较优势及其主要影响因素。结果显示:(1)广西柑橘生产具有显著的效率比较优势,但是规模比较优势、综合比较优势、指数优势与全国其他主产区相比差别不明显;(2)广西主产区柑橘生产的比较优势存在较为显著的差异,南宁和柳州具有较强的相对比较优势,桂林整体来看缺乏相对比较优势;(3)广西主产县区柑橘生产的区域比较优势也存在较为明显的内部差异,武鸣、隆安和恭城等10多个主产县区优势显著;(4)广西柑橘生产的区域比较优势,既受到资源禀赋的内生性影响,也受到产业化经营、科技研发投入、多边市场开拓等外生性因素影响。基于研究结果提出了有针对性的对策建议。

Citrus industry is one of the advantageous characteristic agriculture industries in Guangxi.The exploration of regional comparative advantages of citrus production in Guangxi is significant to promote industrial transformation and upgrading.Based on the data of major citrus producing areas from 2003 to 2018,the regional comparative advantages and main influencing factors of citrus production in 29 major citrus producing counties/districts under 3 large major citrus producing areas(Nanning,Liuzhou and Guilin)in Guangxi were analyzed.The results show that citrus production in Guangxi has a significant comparative advantages in efficiency,but not in scale,overall comparison and index as compared with other major producing areas in China.There are significant differences in the comparative advantages of citrus production in the main producing areas of Guangxi.Nanning and Liuzhou have strong comparative advantages,while Guilin as a whole has no comparative advantages.The regional comparative advantages of citrus production are also different among the main producing counties/districts in Guangxi,and more than 10 major producing counties/districts such as Wuming,Long’an,Gongcheng,etc.have obvious comparative advantages in citrus production in Guangxi.The regional comparative advantages of citrus production in Guangxi are not only influenced by endogenous factors of resource endowment,but also by exogenous factors such as industrialization,investment in research and development and multilateral market development.Some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward based on the research results.