生命本质和新型生物模式图的构建探讨

Probing the definitions of life and novel models of living organisms

生命定义是生物医学内的核心问题。现今西医学领域内生命定义都没能指导临床实践。中医以阴阳气血的概念认识生命现象。借助中医学的思维方式,可以将生命定义为:在细胞中,生命本质是遗传信息指导下的能量代谢过程;在多细胞生命体内,生命本质是伴随干细胞分裂分化过程的能量代谢过程。能量物质是生命体内所有的代谢过程的初始底物。获取能量物质是生命体内代谢过程的第一步,而能量物质进入细胞后依次形成四个代谢通路。热能推动代谢终产物排泄过程是生命体内代谢的最后一步,也是推动生命现象演化的原动力。在人体中,这一过程则由低到高形成四个排泄平面。总体而言,生命体内的代谢过程可以总结为能量物质的氧化过程,这一过程生命体中受到能量物质、氧、催化剂、能量及代谢终产物等五个因素的影响。这五个因素在生命体内都形成相应的代谢通路,并维持能量物质氧化过程顺利进行。

What-is-life is the core issue in biology.In modern medicine,there are no generally accepted definitions of life for the categorization of all diseases and guiding the therapies.In tradition Chinese medicine(TCM),yin,yang,qi and xue are the vocabularies to understand the essences of life.Inspired by the thinking patterns of TCM,two definitions of life are presented and modified as following:a living cell is a chemical system capable of undergoing metabolism of energy agents and gene expression for energy conversions;a living multicellular organism is a chemical system capable of undergoing the metabolisms of energy agents and stem cell proliferation and differentiation for the energy conversions.Energy agents are entry subtracts for all metabolisms in living organisms and acquiring energy agents is the initial step.In living organisms,energy agents will enter four essential pathways in turn.Heat energy driving the end metabolites off a living organism is the last step,which is one of factors to generate all metabolisms in a living organism.In our body,the process that heat energy drives the end metabolites off the living organisms forms four levels.In all,all metabolisms in living organisms can be abstracted as the oxidation of energy agents,and the energy agents,oxygen,catalytic agents,energy and end metabolites are the five factors to serve this process.The five factors have their corresponding metabolic pathways in living organisms and the interactions of the five pathways will stabilize the oxidation of energy agents.