稀释在“第四空间”中的后殖民性之反思——以阿契贝《瓦解》的两个汉语译本为例

Reflection of Postcoloniality Diluted in the Forth Space:as Exemplified with Two Chinese Versions of Achebe’s Things Fall Apart

作为杂合性话语,非洲后殖民主义文学产生于巴巴所谓的“第三空间”,并由此造就自身的后殖民性。值得注意的是,如经由翻译再度融入中国的文化语境,形成新的杂合性话语,非洲后殖民主义文学便会走入“第三空间”的后续——“第四空间”,并面临自身后殖民性的稀释风险。遗憾的是,仅仅基于文化政治伦理的后殖民主义译论对此普遍缺乏切实有效的实质性对策。本文以阿契贝的成名作Things Fall Apart的两个汉语译本为例,对这一困境展开阐述,并进一步进行反思,在此基础上呼吁建构翻译的新规约主义。这种新规约主义应当从后殖民主义译论单纯的文化政治伦理,转向汉语语境下广泛而复杂的翻译生态,以此克服后殖民主义译论的理想主义短板,切实敦促译者最大限度地传达源文的后殖民性。

As a hybrid discourse,postcolonial African literature produces its postcoloniality from the Third Space,the H.K.Bhabhan space where the literature is born.It is worthy of noticing a risk of postcoloniality dilution when this literature steps into the Forth Space,the successor to the Third Space.Unfortunately,postcolonial theories of translation,which are singularly established on cultural-political ethics,generally lacks practical and effective measures for this predicament.To illustrate the point,analyses are targeted at two Chinese versions of Things Fall Apart,the fiction winning Chinua Achebe’s first fame.Based on relevant reflection an appeal is launched for new prescriptivism,which turns from singular concern of political-cultural ethics,to the extensive and complex ecosystem of E-C translation.Translation within this prescriptivism is supposed to maximally retain postcoloniality practically and effectively,thus presenting a remedy for idealism of postcolonial translation theories.