恩格斯对意识形态理论的批判建构及丰富发展

Engels’Critical Construction and Rich Development of Ideological Theory

马克思、恩格斯意识形态理论的创立是一个从批判建构到完善的过程,批判建构过程是以社会历史领域形形色色的唯心史观、资产阶级意识形态等为核心批判对象,使社会存在决定社会意识的理论入脑入心。马克思逝世后,恩格斯在晚年书信中以阐述意识形态独立性为核心批判经济唯物主义等错误观点,以辩证法作为理论武器强调社会意识对于社会存在的反作用,完善了意识形态理论,实现了历史唯物主义到科学的辩证的历史唯物主义的跨越。这两个阶段使意识形态理论得以牢固树立并不断完善发展。由此启示我们,意识形态建设既要长期推进,又要重点突破,要将意识形态建设和社会主义核心价值观有机统一,要和辩证法相辅相成,在主流意识形态以人民为中心的条件下,牢牢掌握意识形态的领导权,维护社会主义主流意识形态的安全,建设社会主义文化强国。

The establishment of Marx and Engels’ideological theory is a process from critical construction to perfection.The critical construction process is based on the various historical ideals and bourgeois ideology in the field of social history as the core object of criticism,so that the idea that social existence determines social consciousness impresses us.After the death of Marx,Engels criticized the erroneous views of economic materialism with expounding the independence of ideology as the core in his letters in his later years,using dialectics as a theoretical weapon to emphasize the reaction of social consciousness to social existence,perfecting the theory of ideology and realizing historical materialism.This is a leap to scientific dialectical historical materialism.These two stages enable ideological theories to be firmly established and continuously improved and developed.Thus enlighten us that ideological construction must not only be promoted in a long run,but also go beyond the key points.It is necessary to organically unify ideological construction and socialist core values and complement each other with dialectics.Under the condition that the mainstream ideology grasps the people as the center,it is necessary to firmly grasp the ideological leadership,maintain the security of the socialist mainstream ideology,and build a strong socialist culture.