超声在肛周克罗恩病诊治中的研究进展

The application of ultrasound in the diagnosis and treatment of perianal Crohn’s disease with its study progress

克罗恩病(CD)是一种慢性非特异性的肠道炎性疾病,其病因和发病机制尚不清楚,可合并不同类型的肛周病变。临床上对肛周克罗恩病(PCD)的评估方法很多,包括肛门周围疾病活动指数(PDAI)、计算机断层扫描(CT)、瘘管造影、磁共振成像(MRI)、麻醉下检查(EUA)、内镜、超声(US),但各有优缺点。经会阴超声(TPUS)、直肠腔内超声(TRUS)、超声内镜(EUS)因具有无辐射、便利、成本低等特点,在PCD的诊断及鉴别诊断中发挥了重要作用,且US在评估瘘管活动性及在PCD的治疗监测中的应用也可为临床提供帮助。及时发现肛周克罗恩病有助于早期诊断克罗恩病,对于临床制订更有效的治疗策略具有重要意义,并能提高患者的生活质量。本文就US在肛周克罗恩病诊疗中的研究进展作一综述。

Crohn's disease(CD)is a chronic non-specific intestinal inflammatory disease with unclear etiology and pathogenesis,it may occur different types of perianal lesions.Clinical evaluation modalities for perianal CD(PCD)are including Perianal Disease Activity Index(PDAI),computed tomography(CT),fistula angiography,Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI),examination under anesthesia(EUA),endoscopy(Endoscope)and ultrasound(ultrasonography,US).Each has its advantages and convenient for the diagnosis and identification of PCD.Moreover,the application of US in the assessment of fistula activity and follow up of PCD after treatment also provides valuable help for the clinic.Timely diagnosis of PCD helps in early diagnosis of CD and is of great significance for clinicians to make a more effective treatment,which can improve the quality of the patients’life.This paper reviews the progress of US in the diagnosis and treatment of PCD.