论孟京卦气说之阴阳流转及其影响

On Yin–Yang Circulation in Meng Xi and Jing Fang’s Gua-Qi Theories and Its Influence

汉代易学以象数学派为主流,而汉代象数易学又以孟喜、京房为其开创者。孟京易学主要特征之一,即是以卦气说的阴阳流转来释易,来体现易道生成流转的本质。具体来说,孟京易学通过其卦气说,借助天文历法知识,建立起一个以阴阳流转来推演一年四时气候变化进而预测人事吉凶的生成性哲学体系,是对先秦易学“天地之大德曰生”“生生之谓易”的一种创造性阐释,也为后世构建了一套以阴阳流转为核心的生成性思维模式。这一思维模式奠定了后世解释宇宙天地与社会人生的最基本思维结构。

During the Han dynasty,the main current in the studies of the Book of Changes was the image-numerology school founded by Meng Xi and Jing Fang,which attempted to explain the Changes through gua-qi theories of the circulation of yin and yang that regarded generation and circulation as the essence of the Way of the Changes.Specifically,by drawing on astronomical calendrical knowledge,they established a generative philosophical system in which,as they claimed,on the basis of the circulation of yin and yang one could deduce climatic changes in the four seasons of the year could be deduced and thereby foretell good or bad luck in human affairs.Their efforts represent a creative interpretation of the ideas that"the great virtue of heaven and earth is the production and reproduction of life"and"production and reproduction is what is called change"advocated by pre-Qin studies of the Changes,and around this core concept of the circulation of yin and yang they constructed a generative mode of thinking about the cosmos,heaven and earth,and society and life.