天然气制氢技术进展及发展趋势

Technical progress and development trend of hydrogen production from natural gas

基于国家优化能源结构、高质量发展清洁能源的发展要求,对氢能源的制取方法进行了介绍,探讨了天然气制氢技术研究的进展情况,并重点对蒸汽重整、部分氧化、CO2重整、催化裂解等技术的反应机理、技术优势和弊端进行了分析,指出了天然气制氢技术亟待解决的问题和发展趋势。分析结果表明,部分氧化制氢技术、自热重整制氢技术的反应机理仍不能完全明确,需深入进行实验室热力学和动力学研究以明确反应机理;镍基催化剂的抗积碳能力、反应活性和稳定性也是实验室的研究重点,需在工业化运行中积累经验不断优化。

Based on the development requirements of the national optimization of energy structure and high quality development of clean energy,the preparation methods of hydrogen energy were introduced,the development trend?of hydrogen production from natural gas was discussed,the reaction mechanism,technical advantages and disadvantages of steam reforming,partial oxidation,CO2 reforming and catalytic cracking were analyzed mainly,and the problems to be solved and the development trend of hydrogen production from natural gas were pointed out.The analysis results show that the reaction mechanism of partial oxidation hydrogen production and autothermal reforming hydrogen production is still not entirely clear,so the laboratory studies on the kinetics and thermodynamics are desperately needed in order to clear the reaction mechanism;the ability of carbon deposition resistance,reactivity and stability of nickel-based catalysts are also the focus of laboratory research,which should be continuously optimized by accumulating experience in industrial operation.