货运铁路曲线段橡胶垫板优化设计

Optimization Design of the Rubber Pads in Curved Section of the Freight Railway

为提高货运铁路曲线段橡胶垫板的耐久性,选用Ogden模型模拟橡胶材料的特性,分析列车以不同速度级通过曲线段时垫板的动力响应,通过对垫板槽深、槽宽、槽间距等几何参数的调整,并改变垫板的开槽方式和开槽形状,优化设计一种变形减小、刚度增大的橡胶垫板,以适应曲线段的特殊工况要求。仿真结果表明,列车在40~80 km/h通过曲线段时,新型三角沟槽内轨垫板变形值分别是0.93 mm、0.92 mm、0.80 mm、0.72 mm、0.55 mm,相较传统沟槽垫板,变形值明显减小,最大减小62.6%;新型三角沟槽垫板承载面积增大,承载载荷的结构体体积增大,变形减小,变形更均匀,整体刚度增大,可有效提高货运铁路曲线段橡胶垫板的耐久性,延长使用寿命。该优化设计对货运铁路曲线段橡胶垫板使用耐久性的提高具有重要意义。

In order to improve the durability of rubber pad in the curve section of freight railway,Ogden model was used to simulate the properties of rubber material.This paper analyzes the dynamic response of the pad when the train passes the curve section at different speed levels,adjusts the geometric parameters of the pad such as groove depth,groove width and groove spacing,at the same time,changes the groove mode and groove shape of the pad.Based on the above points,this paper optimizes a kind of rubber pad which can reduce the deformation and increase the rigidity to meet the special working condition of curve section.The results show that when the train passes through the curve section at 40-80 km/h,the deformations of the new triangular groove inner pad are 0.93mm,0.92mm,0.80mm,0.72mm and 0.55mm respectively.Compared with the traditional groove pad,the deformation value is obviously reduced,and the maximum reduction is 62.6%.The new triangular groove pad’s bearing area increase,volume of the load-bearing structure increase,deformation decrease,deformation is more uniform,and rigidity increase,which can effectively improve the durability of the rubber pad and prolong the service life.The optimization is of great significance to improve the durability of the rubber pad in the curve section of freight railways.