119个苜蓿品种(系)产量和农艺性状的遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Yield and Agronomic Traits of 119 Alfalfa Varieties(Lines)

研究了紫花苜蓿的产量和农艺性状的遗传多样性,旨在为紫花苜蓿品种的改良和选择提供科学依据。应用相关性分析和聚类分析等方法对国内外119个苜蓿品种(系)的13个产量和农艺性状进行综合评价和分析,其变异系数范围为10.57%(株高,2017年初茬)~45.09%(茎干重,2018年末茬)。相关性分析表明,鲜草产量与干草产量呈极显著正相关,且二者均与株高、植株密度呈极显著正相关,说明较高的株高和较大的植株密度是高产的重要性状特征。聚类分析将119份苜蓿材料分为3类,类群Ⅰ的植株生长密度大,叶片较大;类群Ⅱ植株枝条数多,叶片数多;类群Ⅲ植株较高,产量较大,茎叶较大,叶片相对较小。

The genetic diversities of alfalfa yield and agronomic traits were studied to provide scientific basis for the improvement and selection of alfalfa varieties. The correlation analysis and cluster analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the yield and agronomic traits of 119 alfalfa varieties(lines) at home and abroad. Thirteen yield and agronomic traits of 119 alfalfa germplasms were analyzed, and the coefficients of variation ranged from 10.57%(plant height, the first cutting in 2017) to 45.09%(stem dry weight per plant, the last cutting in 2018). The correlation analysis showed that fresh grass yield and hay yield were significantly positively correlated, and both of them were significantly positively correlated with plant height and plant density. This indicated that higher plant height and plant density were important traits for high yield. The 119 alfalfa materials were divided into three groups by the cluster analysis. GroupⅠ had higher growth density and larger leaves. GroupⅡ had more branches, grew stronger, and with more leaves. GroupⅢ had higher plant height, larger yield, larger stem-leaf ratio, and smaller leaves.