农村污水治理技术研究进展

Progress on Wastewater Treatment Technologies in Rural Area

随着经济的发展及农村建设步伐的加快,农村水污染问题日益严重,农村污水排放量约占全国排放总量的30%~40%,越来越引起政府及业内的重视。文章分析了农村污水水质特点及农村污水处理现状,综述了近年来国内外在农村水污染治理工艺方面的研究进展:人工湿地,生物净化槽工艺,沼气池法,活性污泥法和生物膜法。阐述了各种方法的优缺点及发展情况,并根据农村污水排放分散、农村经济发展水平较落后的特点提出了农村污水治理工艺的发展趋势。

Water pollution in rural area is becoming more and more serious along with the development of the economy and rural construction.The rural wastewater discharge accouts for about 30%~40%of the national total discharge.The problem is attracting more and more attention of the government and the industry.This paper analyzes the characteristics of the rural wastewater and the current treatment status.The rural wastewater treatment technologies are summarized,including constructed wetland,biological purification tank,biogas digester,activated sludge and bio-membrane.The advantages and disadvantages as well as the development status of these technologies are clarified.In addition,based on the decentralization of rural wastewater discharge and the backwardness of the rural economy,the prospective technologies for rural wastewater treatment are also proposed.