地理、聚落与空间:川西北羌族的环境感知与景观适应

Geography,Settlement and Space:Environment Perception and Landscape Adaptation of the Qiang Ethnic Group in Northwest Sichuan

地理环境是人类聚居首要的物质基础,是聚落得以传承的资源宝藏。当今景观地域特色丧失、景观趋同化问题日益严重,对地理环境的适应能促使景观异质性、特征性增加。以川西北地区居高山河谷的羌族传统聚落景观为研究对象,透视景观背后的文化内涵,阐明羌人通过“环境感知——景观适应”的生活方式,表达其质朴的审美思想,构建了人与环境亲和统一、和谐共存的空间典范。挖掘川西北羌族传统环境观念与景观适应方式,可为当今的生态文明建设和民族特色村寨建设提供一定借鉴。

The geographical environment is the primary material basis for human settlement and the resources for its survival.The landscape’s loss of regional characteristics and its homogeneity are serious problems.Adaptation to the geographical environment can promote landscape heterogeneity and diversity.This article studies the traditional Qiang settlement landscape among the mountains in northwest Sichuan to explore the culture behind,the Qiang people’s way of life through“environment perception and landscape adaptation,”and their unaffected aesthetics in a sphere exemplary of the harmonious coexistence of man and the environment.The study of the Qiang ethnic group’s traditional concept of the environment and their way of landscape adaptation can provide a useful frame of reference for the creation of an ecological civilization and the building of villages with ethnic characteristics.