用于列车室内环境测试的模拟人体显热散热装置研究

Study on modeling device of human sensitive heat dissipation applied in carriage environment test

在列车室内热环境相关测试中需要模拟乘客散热以确定列车空调负荷,采用实际人体试验存在所需人数多及安全性等问题,因此考虑使用模拟装置来替代实际人体试验,并能够准确模拟人体显热散热.重点研究了列车室内环境中模拟人体显热散热的装置,并进行了实际人体对比试验,对散热量、表面温度分布等进行了测试.结果发现:当室内环境温度为23,26℃时,该装置的辐射散热量和对流散热量与试验人体在静坐状态的辐射散热和对流散热量接近,同时该装置的表面温度也与试验人体表面温度接近.本装置能够准确模拟实际人体的显热散热量,可用于列车室内环境相关试验.

In order to determine air conditioning load of trains,it’s necessary to simulate passenger heat dissipation in thermal environment test of trains.Considering the large amount of subjects required in an experiment and safety issues of participants,simulation device that can accurately simulate human body heat dissipation should be developed.This paper mainly focuses on the development of heat dissipating device,which can simulate body sensible heat and can be used in indoor environment test on trains.Experiments were carried out to test sensible heat dissipating capacity and surface temperature distribution of the device.And human test was also executed to compare the results.The results show that when the carriage environment temperatures are 23℃and 26℃,the amount of radiation and convective heat loss of device is close to human body in different temperature conditions.The surface temperature is similar to mean skin temperature of subjects.This device can accurately simulate body sensible heat and heat dissipation,and can be used in related tests in carriage environment of trains.