社会经济地位、社会资本与健康不平等

Socioeconomic Status, Social Capital and Health Inequality

社会经济地位与健康后果之间存在稳定的联系,以往研究从物质主义、社会心理、行为主义及基因主义四种理论范式来解释不同社会经济地位群体的健康不平等现象。本研究将社会资本作为中介解释机制并通过“中国综合社会调查(CGSS2015)”数据,建立结构方程模型并检验相关假设。分析发现:社会资本部分地解释了社会经济地位与健康后果之间的关系,但不同维度的社会资本产生的影响有所差异。高社会经济地位群体与朋友社会交往的频率高,进而增加了他们的健康优势;对于低社会经济地位群体而言,社会信任缓解了他们由于低地位所带来的健康劣势。尽管不同社会经济地位群体的社会包容度存在显著差异,但这种非正式的社会规范并未对不同群体的健康不平等产生显著影响。

The relationship between socioeconomic status and health inequality is robust in worldwide.Previous studies have developed four theoretical paradigms of materialism,social psychology,behaviorism and Geneticism to explain the health inequality of different socioeconomic status groups.In this research,social capital is regarded as an intermediary explanation mechanism,and a structural equation model is established to test the research hypotheses through the data of China General Social Survey(CGSS2015).The findings show that,social capital partly explains the relationship between socioeconomic status and health outcomes,but the effects of different dimensions of social capital are different.The high socioeconomic status group has a high frequency of social interaction with friends,which increases their health advantages;for the lower socioeconomic status group,social trust alleviates their health disadvantages caused by inferior status.Although there are significant differences in social inclusion among groups with different socioeconomic status,this informal social norm has no significant impact on health inequality among different groups.