城中村拆迁还建居民收入变化与住房租赁生存依赖——以武汉市为例

Income Change and Housing Rental Dependence of Indigenous Villagers during Urban Village Redevelopment:Evidence in Wuhan

本文随机抽样调查武汉市汉阳区鲤鱼洲家园、十里玫瑰等八个城中村拆迁安置社区的411户居民家庭,比较拆迁改造前后还建居民家庭的收入结构、流动性及住房租赁依赖状况。研究表明,城中村拆迁改造后居民家庭的收入水平整体提升显著,受访居民户均年收入从122942元增长到166265元;以武汉市城镇居民同期收入水平为参照,拆迁前52.8%的受访家庭处于低收入及中低收入水平,还建后62.5%的居民家庭处在中等及以上收入水平。其中,户均住房租赁性收入直接增加18949元,占拆迁改造后家庭年收入增量的43.7%,且收入越低的家庭住房租赁性收入所占比重越大。还建后居民家庭收入呈现“局部流动,整体固化”的特征,拆迁前收入水平较低的家庭还建后收入有明显向上流动的趋势,但主要依赖于住房租赁性收入的增长,家庭成员的职业技能、受教育程度、理财规划等自生能力建设仍待加强。

Based on the randomized sampling investigation data of 411 households in eight resettled neighborhoods in 2019,including Liyuzhou Community,Shilimeigui Community and other communities in Wuhan,this article compares their income change and housing rental dependence of the indigenous households before and after urban village redevelopment.Several results are showed as follow.Firstly,the overall income level of village household has been improved significantly during the redevelopment of urban village,and the average annual income of surveyed households has increased from 122,942 Yuan to 166,265 Yuan.Compared to the income of urban residents at the same time in Wuhan,52.8%of the surveyed households were at low-income or low-middle income before the demolition,while 62.5%of the households at the middle-income level or above after redevelopment.Secondly,housing rental income has become the main portion of incremental income of village households.The average housing rental income of surveyed households has increased 18,949 Yuan,which accounts for 43.7%of the household incremental income.Especially those households with low-income are more survival dependent on their housing rental income.Lastly,from the view of households income mobility of urban village,it has the characteristics of partial flow and overall solidification.After the reconstruction,those households with low-income level have a clear trend of upward flow,while it mainly depends on the incremental income of housing rental.However,their viability of livelihood such as vocational skills,children education,managerial capabilities of property and other livelihood skills will be improved further.