基于飞行数据的民机减推力起飞耗油影响因素研究

Influence Factors of Fuel Consumption of Civil Aircraft During Thrust Reduction Take-Off Based on Flight Data

燃油成本作为民航运营成本的重要组成部分,如何安全有效地降低油耗是航空公司关注的焦点之一。研究影响油耗的因素是实施节油的重要理论支撑。在发动机功率最高的起飞阶段使用减推力起飞可有效降低油耗。从实际飞行数据出发,分析减推力起飞过程中油耗与影响因素间的定量关系。对减推力起飞进行机理分析,获得对油耗具有潜在影响的参数。利用灰典型相关分析对飞行数据时间序列进行研究,获得影响因素与油耗之间的定性关系。并选定参数作为模型输入,基于LSTM(Long Short Term Memory)网络建立了误差约为0. 48%的油耗模型。利用真实飞行数据基于网络进行灵敏度分析,获得特定影响因素与油耗之间的定量关系。结果表明,逆风情况有利于民机起飞阶段降低油耗,且在风速4. 5m/s附近节油效果最佳;降低总重2%~4%能获得更高的燃油收益,可辅助计算飞机总重的收益。

As an important component of civil aviation operating costs,how to safely and effectively reduce fuel consumption is a focus of airlines.Studying the factors affecting fuel consumption is an important theoretical support for the implementation of fuel saving.Initiate reduced thrust take-off at highest engine power phase can effectively reduce fuel consumption.Based on actual flight data,the quantitative relationship between fuel consumption and influencing factors during thrust reduction take-off is analyzed.The mechanism of thrust reduction take-off is analyzed,and factors with potential influence on fuel consumption are obtained.The time series of flight data is studied by grey canonical correlation analysis to obtain the qualitative relationship between influencing factors and fuel consumption.The parameters are selected as model inputs,and a fuel consumption model with an error of about 0.48%is established based on long short term memory(LSTM)network.By using real flight data to carry out sensitivity analysis based on network,the quantitative relationship between specific influencing factors and fuel consumption is obtained.The results show that the upwind condition is favorable to reduce oil consumption in the takeoff stage of civil aircraft,and the oil saving effect is the best near the wind speed of 4.5 m/s.Reducing the gross weight by 2%〜4%can obtain higher fuel revenue,which can assist in calculating the revenue of aircraft gross weight.