科技类社会组织参与精准扶贫的经验转向与未来选择——基于贵州省的实践考察

Empirical Turn and Future Choice of Scientific and Technological Social Organizations Participating in Targeted Poverty Alleviation:Based on the Investigation of Guizhou Province

科技类社会组织是科技扶贫的重要组成部分。改革开放以来,科技类社会组织结合自身组织优势积极参与到伟大的脱贫事业中,为我国的脱贫攻坚贡献了智慧和力量。该文通过对贵州省科技类社会组织参与精准扶贫的实践进行研究,结果发现,积极的政策动员、业务主管单位支持推动、政府购买扶贫服务机制的建立、扶贫模式的创新、扶贫需求与帮扶无缝对接等是促进科技类社会组织有效参与精准扶贫的关键。与此同时,科技类社会组织参与精准扶贫依然面临政策激励效果不佳、帮扶效果与预期目标存在差距、帮扶能力偏弱、利益联结机制有待完善、组织间合作参与不够等一系列问题。针对这些问题,需要从政府、科技类社会组织、受帮扶地区等多方面进行协调治理,形成一种既关照当下脱贫攻坚也面向未来相对贫困治理的参与式治理机制。

Scientific and technological social organizations are an important part of science and technology poverty alleviation.Since the reform and opening up,scientific and technological social organizations have taken an active role in the massive poverty reduction with their own organizational advantages,contributing wisdom and strength to China’s poverty alleviation.This article studies the practice which the technology social organizations participated in the targeted poverty alleviation in Guizhou province.The research results show that it is the key to promote the effective participation of scientific and technological social organizations in targeted poverty alleviation through positive policy mobilization,the support from regulatory department,the establishment of mechanism for government purchasing poverty alleviation services,the innovation of poverty alleviation model,the effective connection between the demand for poverty alleviation and support.Meanwhile,the scientific and technological social organizations participating in targeted poverty alleviation are facing some problems such as insufficient policy incentive function,having gap between the effect of assistance and the expected target,weak participative ability,incomplete benefit affiliating mechanism,and insufficient cooperation among organizations.To solve these problems,it is necessary to construct a participatory governance mechanism that not only pays attention to the current poverty alleviation but also faces the future relative poverty governance by coordinating relationships among the government,scientific and technological social organizations and supported areas.