美国大学体育中的教育公平研究

Education Equity of College Sports in America

回顾美国大学体育中教育公平的历史,可以为当前中国完善大学体育改革和推进教育公平提供借鉴。在阶层差异与教育公平方面,体育项目背后隐藏着阶层差异;对待高水平竞技体育的态度反映了不同的阶层诉求。在性别差异与教育公平方面,男女大学生运动员在数量上的平等与在资金分配上的不平等并存;男女平等规则在执行过程中发生变异。在种族差异与教育公平方面,当前美国大学体育项目在种族分配上非常不平衡;种族问题的复杂性导致了教育公平的多样化表现形式。

Reviewing the history of education equity of college sports in America can provide reference for China to improve college sports education reform and promote education equity.From the perspective of class differences and education equality,class differences are covered by the sports items,and the attitude to high-level sports competitions reflects appeals from different classes.From the perspective of gender differences and education equality,two things coexist:the equal numbers of male and female sports players,but the unequal allocation of funds;the fair rules of male and female become unfair when executed.From the perspective of race differences and education equality,the allocation towards different races in sports is in great uneven;the complexity of race problems cause the various appearances of education equality.