玉蝉卫肺丸对变应性鼻炎大鼠鼻黏膜嗜酸粒细胞、IgE水平及肥大细胞表达的影响

Effect of Yuchan Weifei Pills on the Expression Eosinophils,IgE Levels and Mast Cell of Nasal Mucosa in Allergic Rhinitis Rats

目的观察玉蝉卫肺丸对变应性鼻炎(AR)大鼠鼻黏膜组织内嗜酸粒细胞、IgE表达水平及肥大细胞数量的影响。方法雄性SD大鼠32只,随机选取其中8只为对照组,剩余大鼠为造模组,分别为AR鼻炎模型组、玉蝉卫肺丸组、氯雷他定组,每组8只。造模组大鼠给予卵蛋白联合Al(OH)3腹腔注射及5%OVA生理盐水滴鼻激发鼻黏膜法建立变应性鼻炎模型,造模成功后各组给予相应的药物处理。Wright染色检测鼻腔分泌物嗜酸性粒细胞个数,ELISA检测血清中IgE水平,HE染色镜下观察鼻黏膜组织病理形态学变化,免疫组化检测鼻黏膜组织内肥大细胞表达水平。结果1)嗜酸粒细胞数量及IgE水平:与对照组相比,AR模型组嗜酸粒细胞数量增多,IgE表达水平增加(P<0.05);与AR模型组相比,玉蝉卫肺丸组与氯雷他定组嗜酸粒细胞数量及IgE水平均有所降低(P<0.05)。2)HE形态学改变:与对照组相比,AR模型组黏膜表面纤毛上皮层增厚,上皮细胞有变性或脱落改变,黏膜下腺体增生,排列紊乱,间质大量炎细胞浸润,毛细血管扩张、充血;与AR模型组相比,玉蝉卫肺丸组与氯雷他定组大鼠鼻黏膜上皮损伤程度明显减轻,上皮层次较清楚,黏膜下腺体增生不明显,毛细血管轻度扩张充血,少量炎细胞浸润。其中,玉蝉卫肺丸组在减缓鼻黏膜上皮细胞损伤方面作用更明显。3)肥大细胞免疫组化染色:与对照组相比,AR模型组肥大细胞在黏膜组织内分布广泛,数量增多;与AR模型组相比,玉蝉卫肺丸组与氯雷他定组肥大细胞分布与数量均有不同程度的减低。结论玉蝉卫肺丸可以减低变应性鼻炎模型大鼠嗜酸粒细胞数量及IgE水平,改善鼻黏膜组织损伤,降低黏膜内肥大细胞的表达。

Objective:To explore the effect of Yuchan Weifei Pills on the expression of eosinophils,IgE levels and the number of mast cells in the nasal mucosa of rats with allergic rhinitis(AR).Methods:32 male SD rats were randomly divided into the normal control group(8 rats) and the remaining as the model groups,namely the AR group, Yuchan Weifei Pills group,loratadine tablet group(loratadine group),8 rats in each model group.The model groups were established by intraperitoneal administration of OVA andg Al(OH)3,and atomized 1% OVA to stimulate the nasal mucosa.Then they were given drug treatment respectively.Wright staining was used to detect the number of eosinophils in nasal secretions,the level of IgE in serum was detected by ELISA,the histopathological changes of nasal mucosa were observed by HE staining,and the expression level of mast cells in nasal mucosa was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results:1)Number of eosinophils and IgE level:compared with the normal group,the number of eosinophils and the level of IgE expression in the AR group increased;compared with the model group,the number of eosinophils and the level of IgE in the Yuchan Weifei Pills group and the loratadine group decreased.2) HE staining of morphological changes:compared with the normal control group,AR group showed thickening of ciliated epithelial layer on the surface of mucosa,degeneration or shedding of epithelial cells,hyperplasia of submucosal glands,disorder of arrangement,infiltration of a large number of inflmmatory cells in the stroma,capillary expansion and congestion.Compared with the model group,Yuchan Weifei Pills group and loratadine group showed less epithelial damage,clear epithelial layer,less submucosal gland hyperplasia,mild capillary expansion and congestion,and a small amount of inflammatory cells infiltration.Yuchan Weifei Pills group had a more obvious effect on alleviate the damage of nasal epithelial cells.3) Immunohistochemical staining of mast cells showed that:compared with the normal group,the distribution of mast cells in the AR group was extensive and the number was increased;compared with the AR group,the distribution and the number of mast cells in the Yuchan Weifei Pills group and the loratadine group were decreased.Conclusion:Yuchan Weifei Pills can reduce the number of eosinophils and the level of IgE in allergic rhinitis model rats,improve the damage of nasal mucosa and reduce the expression of mast cells.