天津某三甲中医院急诊抢救室中毒患者流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis of Poisoning Patients in Emergency Room of a Third Level Grade A Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in Tianjin

目的分析天津某三甲中医院急诊抢救室中毒患者的流行病学特点,为急性中毒患者救治提供参考。方法回顾性分析2019年1月1日—2019年12月31日收住急诊抢救室的急性中毒患者214例,收集患者的年龄、性别、毒物种类、中毒方式、中毒剂量、患者转归及其预后等资料进行分析。结果基本信息:年龄在17~89岁之间,男女比例为1.3:1。毒物情况:共涉及毒物16种,单一毒物中毒患者204例(95.3%),最常见的毒物类型为酒精(54.3%),其次是镇静催眠药(25.7%)。中毒途径主要为消化道中毒;中毒原因以过量饮酒导致酒精中毒最多见(49.5%)。治疗情况:洗胃治疗75例(35.0%),导泻治疗10例(4.7%),血液净化治疗4例(1.9%)。转归及预后:抢救室出院191例(89.3%),死亡17例(7.9%)。结论预防急性中毒要做好宣传教育以及心理疏导干预,进一步加强精神类药品管控。

Objective The epidemiological characteristics of poisoning patients in emergency room of a hospital in Tianjin were analyzed in order to provide basis for the treatment of poisoning patients.Methods 214 patients with acute poisoning admitted to emergency room from January 1,2019 to December 31,2019 were analyzed retrospectively in the hospital.The data of gender,age,poisoning types,poisoning mode,poisoning dose,outcome and prognosis of the patients were collected and analyzed.Results The basic situation:the age was between 17 and 89 years old,the ratio of male to female was 1.30.Toxicology:a total of 16 poisons were involved,including 204 patients of single poisoning(95.3%).The most common type of poison was alcohol(54.3%),followed was sedative hypnotic drug(25.7%).The main route of poisoning was digestive tract poisoning and the most of common cause of poisoning was alcoholism caused by drinking too much alcohol(49.5%).Treatment:gastric lavage in 75 cases(35.0%),catharsis in 10 cases(4.7%),and blood purification in 4 cases(1.9%).Outcome and prognosis:191 cases(89.3%)were discharged from emergency room,and 17 patients(7.9%)died in emergency room.Conclusion To prevent the acute poisoning,it is necessary to do a good job in propaganda and education,psychological counseling and intervention,and further strengthen the control of psychotropic drugs.