低温钢及其低温韧性研究现状

Research status of low-temperature steel and its low-temperature toughness

介绍了低温钢国内外发展状况及应用中易出现的安全问题,阐述了韧性断裂与脆性断裂的区别、韧脆转变及低温脆性断裂机理,重点从工艺角度、显微组织、力学方法、电子背散射衍射分析技术和小冲杆试验等不同角度综述评定低温钢低温韧性的关键技术,并阐述了低温钢焊接需注意的问题。

The development of low temperature steel at home and abroad and the safety problems in its application are introduced.The difference between ductile fracture and brittle fracture,ductile and brittle transition and brittle fracture mechanism at low temperature are described.The key techno-logies for evaluating low temperature toughness of low tempe-rature steel are reviewed from the aspects of process,micro-structure,mechanical method,EBSD analysis technology and small punch test.The problems needing attention in low tem-perature steel welding are also described.Finally,the future development trend of low temperature steel is prospected.