不同干燥方法对荆芥药材中5种有效成分含量的影响和评价

Effect and Evaluation of Different Drying Methods on the Contents of Five Effective Components in Schizonepeta Herba

目的:探讨不同干燥方式对荆芥药材中胡薄荷酮、薄荷酮、迷迭香酸、木犀草苷及橙皮苷5种有效成分含量的影响,并采用雷达图分析评价其物质基础改变与不同干燥方法的相关性。方法:分别采用传统晒干、阴干、润透后50℃热风烘干、红外干燥、微波干燥及真空冷冻干燥等6种方法对荆芥药材进行处理。采用HPLC法测定其5种有效成分含量,色谱柱:Agilent XDB-C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:乙腈-0.15%磷酸,梯度洗脱;检测波长:285 nm(检测木犀草苷和橙皮苷)、330 nm(检测迷迭香酸)、252 nm(检测胡薄荷酮和薄荷酮);流速:1.0 ml·min-1;柱温:28℃;进样量:10μl。结果:荆芥中的有效成分胡薄荷酮、薄荷酮、迷迭香酸、木犀草苷及橙皮苷分别在110.70~664.20μg·ml-1(r=0.9999),29.41~176.40μg·ml-1(r=0.9998),32.32~193.90μg·ml-1(r=0.9996),51.85~311.10μg·ml-1(r=0.9998)及35.67~214.1μg·ml-1(r=0.9997)范围内有良好线性,平均加样回收率分别为100.1%,99.9%,99.6%,99.5%和99.6%,RSD分别为0.78%,0.97%,0.61%,0.69%和0.86%(n=6)。经不同干燥方式后,荆芥中有效成分含量存在差异,微波干燥及真空冷冻干燥后的薄荷酮的含量较高,红外干燥、传统阴干及晒干方式最低,木犀草苷、橙皮苷及迷迭香酸的含量变化不明显;而胡薄荷酮经晒干、阴干、热风50℃及红外干燥后与微波干燥及真空冷冻干燥这两种方式相比,含量有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:微波干燥方法具有效率高、可控性强、效果好、设备体积相对较小,可作为药材荆芥干燥的优先选择方式。

Objective: To explore the effect of different drying methods on the contents of five effective components p-menthone,menthol,rosmarinic acid,luteolin and hesperidin in Schizonepeta Herba,and to analyze and evaluate the correlation between the change of material basis and different drying methods by radar diagram. Methods: The traditional methods of sun drying,shade drying,hot air drying at 50℃ after moistening,infrared drying,microwave drying and vacuum freeze drying were used to treat Schizonepeta Herba. The contents of five effective components were determined by HPLC. An Agilent XDB-C18 column( 250 mm× 4.6 mm,5 μm)was used with acetonitrile-0.15% phosphoric acid as the mobile phase with gradient elution. The detection wavelength was set at 285 nm for luteolin and hesperidin,330 nm for rosmarinic acid,and 252 nm for p-menthone and menthol. The flow rate was 1.0 ml·min-1,the column temperature was 28 ℃ and the injection volume was 10 μl. Results: The linear ranges of menthol,menthone,rosmarinic acid,luteolin and hesperidin was 110.70-664.20 μg · ml-1( r = 0.999 9),29.41-176.40 μg·ml-1( r = 0.999 8),32.32-193.90 μg·ml-1( r= 0.999 6),51.85-311.10 μg·ml-1( r= 0.999 8) and 35.67-214.1 μg·ml-1( r = 0.999 7),respectively. The average recoveries were 100.1%,99.9%,99.6%,99.5% and 99.6%,RSD were 0.78%,0.97%,0.61%,0.69% and 0.86%( n = 6),respectively.The content of menthone in Schizonepeta tenuifolia was higher after microwave drying and vacuum freeze drying,The results showed that the contents of luteolin,hesperidin and rosmarinic acid were the lowest in infrared drying,traditional shade drying and sun drying,and the contents of luteolin,hesperidin and rosmarinic acid after drying in the sun,drying in the shade,hot air at 50 ℃ and infrared drying were with statistically significant differences compared with microwave drying and vacuum freeze drying( P<0.05).Conclusion: Microwave drying method has the advantages of high efficiency,strong controllability,good effect and relatively small equipment volume,and can be used as a preferred method for the drying of Schizonepeta Herba.