民国民办难童教养机构的实态运作与社会支持——以世界红卍字会北泉慈幼院为例

The Operation and Social Support of Private Institutions for Refugee Children in the Republic of China:Taking Beiquan Charity Kindergarten of the Red Swastika Society as an Example

抗战时期,民办难童教养机构为教养难童做出重要贡献,其中世界红卍字会北泉慈幼院就是典型。民办难童教养机构要存续,离不开社会各界的支持。北泉慈幼院的社会支持主要来自红卍字会、国民政府和其他社会组织等三个方面。民办难童教养机构社会支持的构建与再生产,往往与领导该机构的核心人物息息相关。北泉慈幼院院长周之廉的学养、人脉和海外留学经历为该院赢得了广泛的社会支持。

During the Anti-Japanese War,significant contributions have been made to the education and cultivation of refugee children by private adoption institutions in the Republic of China,among which Beiquan Charity Kindergarten of the Red Swastika Society was a typical case.Private institutions could hardly survive without support from various circles of society.Three major channels of social support gained by Beiquan Charity Kindergarten were the Red Swastika Society,the national government and other relevant social organizations.The construction and reproduction of social support for a private institution turned out to be closely related to the key figure who lead the organization.Zhou Zhilian’s erudition,network and overseas education background,therefore,had profoundly affected the acquisition of social support of Beiquan Charity Kindergarten.