基于水体光学特性的水生植物水质净化调控技术

Water Purification and Regulation Technology of Aquatic Plants Based on the Optical Characteristics of Water Bodies

水体富营养化是国内水环境面临的主要问题之一。水生植物在治理水体富营养化的众多措施中,由于其具有净化效果好、经济环保、低能耗、操作简单等被广泛采用。通过研究挺水植物在金泽水库边滩的生长变化特征,发现收割有利于促进植物生长,选择早春种植、填土太高基地、改良底质、保证充足光照有利于植物成活。同时,在金泽水库导流潜堤区域观察沉水植物的生长变化特征,发现受风浪、光照条件(水深)和动物摄食等影响,沉水植物生长不佳。研究表明,人工浮床挺水植物生物量和氮磷赋存量均优于边滩挺水植物。因此,建议增加人工浮床面积,根据水库实际运行情况,选取适宜地点和措施补种沉水植物。

Eutrophication of water bodies is one of the main problems facing the domestic water environment.Among many measures to treat water eutrophication,aquatic plants are widely used due to their good purification effect,economic and environmental protection,low energy consumption,and simple operation.By studying the growth and change characteristics of emergent plants on the beach of Jinze Reservoir,it was found that harvesting was beneficial to promote plant growth.Choosing early spring planting,filling the base with too high soil,improving the bottom quality,and ensuring sufficient light are beneficial to plant survival.At the same time,the growth characteristics of submerged plants were observed in the diversion submerged dike area of Jinze Reservoir,and it was found that the growth of submerged plants was not good due to wind and waves,light conditions(water depth)and animal feeding.Studies showed that the artificial floating bed emergent plant biomass and nitrogen and phosphorus storage were better than the beach emergent plants.Therefore,it is recommended to increase the artificial floating bed area and select suitable locations and measures to replant submerged plants according to the actual operation of the reservoir.