基于光纤光栅传感网络的电梯健康状态监测系统

Elevator Health Monitoring System Based on Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Network

针对传统大型电梯钢架结构健康监测手段的传感器布线复杂、传感器退化快等问题,提出了一种基于光纤光栅式传感器构成的准分布式光纤传感网。首先阐明了光纤光栅应力、温度传感器的基本原理,采用“空分复用+波分复用”的方式构建电梯钢架结构的光纤光栅远程传感监测系统,设计应变和位移传感器阵列,并研究了光纤光栅应变计和位移计的解调算法。然后使用电梯钢架结构实物模型搭建相应的试验系统,安装光纤光栅应变计和位移计准分布式网络进行测试,并开发配套的电梯钢接结构运行健康状态监测软件,试验测试结果表明,系统能够实时响应,稳定性良好。该系统为室外大型竖行和斜行电梯的安全运行提供了实时监测数据和安全预警功能,可为其“按需维保”提供大数据支撑。

A quasi-distributed fiber optic sensor network based on fiber Bragg grating(FBG)sensor is proposed in order to solve the problems of complicated sensor wiring and fast sensor degradation of the traditional health monitoring methods for large elevator steel frame structure.First,the basic principles of FBG stress and temperature sensors are presented,and the overall scheme of FBG remote sensing and monitoring system with elevator steel frame structure by the method of“space division multiplexing+WDM”is constructed,the strain and displacement sensor array are designed,and the demodulation algorithm of FBG strain gauge and FBG displacement meter are investigated.Then,the actual model of the elevator steel frame structure was used to build the corresponding test system,the FBG strain gauge and FBG displacement meter are installed to test the distributed network,and the supporting health condition monitoring software of the elevator rigid structure is developed.The test results show that the proposed system can respond in real time with good stability.The system provides real-time monitoring data and safety warning functions for the safe operation of outdoor large vertical and diagonal elevators,and can provide big data support for“on-demand maintenance”.