魁蚶生物学与增养殖技术研究进展

Advances in biology and breeding technology of ark shell Scapharca broughtonii:a review

魁蚶Scapharca broughtonii是一种具有重要经济价值的海洋底栖双壳贝类,近年来,其资源和产量大幅度下降,种质资源受到威胁,魁蚶的自然资源恢复和增养殖势在必行。本文综述了魁蚶的生物学特性、人工繁育与增养殖、生理生态、遗传学、病害与免疫等相关研究进展,展望了其发展趋势,并从开展种质资源保护与良种选育和开发绿色生态养殖技术等方面提出了有益建议,旨在为开展魁蚶增殖放流、资源修复、人工养殖、种质资源保护等研究与政策制定提供科学参考。

In recent years,resources and output of ark shell Scapharca broughtonii as a kind of marine benthic bivalve shellfish with important economic value has been greatly reduced,and threatened in genetic resources.In this paper,the biological characteristics,artificial aquaculture,breeding,physiological ecology,genetics,disease and immunity of the clam were reviewed,and future development trend of ark shell is prospected.Some suggestions on the protection of genetic resources,basic research of seed selection and breeding and the green ecological aquaculture technology are put forward to provide scientific basis for the research and policy of proliferation and release,resource restoration,artificial breeding,and genetic diversity protection.