临近地铁线路的深基坑施工风险调查与评估

Investigation and Evaluation of Construction Risk of Deep Foundation Pit Adjacent to Subway Line

随着城市建设的发展,临近地铁的深基坑工程不断呈现,相关工程施工风险高,给风险控制带来挑战。本文识别了导致深基坑及地铁破坏的风险因素,并邀请武汉地区44个临近地铁的深基坑工程项目技术负责人,对风险因素的发生概率和损失程度进行了评估。采用层次分析法计算了风险因素权重,用模糊评价法对调查结果进行了分析,其中风险因素“隔水帷幕渗水”“降水不当”“开挖方式不当”发生概率较高,“基坑管涌或突涌”“支撑体系缺陷”损失程度较高,深基坑施工引起地铁站线结构破坏的原因主要是地下水治理失效和基坑围护施工质量缺陷,针对风险较大的因素提出了相应的管理建议。

With the development of urban construction,deep foundation pit projects adjacent to the subway are continuously presented.The construction risk of related projects is high,which brings challenges to the risk control.The risk factors that lead to deep foundation pit and subway destruction were identified,and 44 technical leaders were invited to evaluate the occurrence probability and loss degree of risk factors.The weight of risk factors was calculated by analytic hierarchy process(AHP),and the investigation results were analyzed by fuzzy evaluation method.The probability of occurrence of risk factors such as“seepage of waterproof curtain”“improper precipitation”“improper excavation method”is relatively high,and the loss degree of piping or gushing of foundation pit and support system defect is high.The main reasons for the damage of subway station line caused by deep foundation pit construction are the failure of groundwater treatment and the quality defects of foundation pit support construction.In view of the risk factors,the corresponding management suggestions are put forward.