微地形对小微湿地保护恢复影响研究进展

Research Progress in Effects of Micro-topography on Conservation and Restoration of Micro and Small Wetland

小微湿地作为湿地的重要类型和组成部分,在洪水调蓄、水质净化、生物多样性维持以及区域生态环境改善等方面具有重要作用,但小微湿地的水文和生态问题未得到重视,也没有发挥其对经济发展的积极作用。综述了微地形对小微湿地土壤属性及其质量、小气候和微生境、生态水文过程和水文环境质量、植被恢复和景观结构异质性等国内外研究进展,并指出了存在的问题,诸如微地形对小微湿地的生态环境效应方面的研究比较薄弱,以及微地形变化及其累积效应对植被恢复的作用机理不明等。建议加强不同时空尺度微地形对小微湿地的生态环境效应模拟与预测研究,微地形变化及其累积效应对植被恢复的作用机理是未来重要的研究方向。

As an important type and component of wetland,Micro and small Wetland plays an important role in regulating flood,purifying water quality,maintaining biodiversity and improving regional ecological environment,however,its hydrological and ecological problems have been neglected and its positive effects on economic development have not been brought into full play.This paper presents a review of the effects of microtopography on soil properties and quality,micro-climate and micro-habit,surface ecohydrological process and hydrologic environment quality,landscape structure heterogeneity and vegetation restoration of Micro and small Wetlands,illustrating the existing problems such as relatively weak ecological and environmental effects of microtopography on Micro and small wetland,and unclear mechanism of microtopography change and its cumulative effects on vegetation restoration,therefore,simulation and prediction of eco-environmental effects of microtopography at different spatial and temporal scales need to be further studied,and the mechanism of microtopography change and its cumulative effect on vegetation restoration will be an important topic in future.