水禽StAR 基因克隆、表达及其对睾丸发育的影响

Cloning and Expression of Waterfowl StAR Gene and Its Effect on Testicular Development

旨在获取水禽StAR基因的结构和组织表达规律,初步了解其对水禽睾丸发育的影响。本研究选取山麻鸭和狮头鹅的下丘脑和睾丸组织为材料,克隆StAR基因,并采用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测该基因在山麻鸭和狮头鹅不同组织中的表达规律,并进一步比较该基因在不同时期鹅睾丸组织中的表达差异。本试验克隆获得鸭StAR基因3个转录本(dSTAR-A、dSTAR-B和dSTAR-C),dSTAR-A和dSTAR-B编码序列相同,编码283个氨基酸,而dSTAR-C编码238个氨基酸;获得鹅STAR基因两个转录本(gSTAR-A和gSTAR-B),均编码283个氨基酸。比对分析发现,鸭和鹅StAR氨基酸序列与其他禽类的同源性较高,在物种间的保守性高。StAR基因在鸭和鹅的各个组织中均有表达,其中在睾丸中表达量最高,在腹脂、胸肌和腿肌也有较高的表达水平。比较不同时期公鹅的睾丸,发现该基因在3岁龄时表达水平极显著高于1和52日龄(P<0.01),且在成年公鹅繁殖期的表达水平极显著高于休产期(P<0.01)。结果表明,StAR基因可能是鹅睾丸发育所必需的关键基因,并参与成年公鹅繁殖性能的调控。

The purpose of this study was to obtain the structure and tissue expression of the StAR gene,and to initially explore its effect on the development of testis in waterfowl.The hypo-thalamus and testis of Shanma duck and Shitou goose were selected as materials to clone the StAR genes,and their expression patterns in different tissues of Shanma duck and Shitou goose were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR,and the differential expression of the genes in goose testis tissues in different periods were further compared.In this study,three transcripts of the duck StAR gene(dSTAR-A,dSTAR-B,and dSTAR-C)were obtained.The coding sequences of dSTAR-A and dSTAR-B were the same,encoding 283 amino acids,while dSTAR-C encoded 238 amino acids.Two transcripts of goose StAR gene(gSTAR-A and gSTAR-B)were obtained,both encoding 283 amino acids.The comparative analysis showed that the amino acid sequence of waterfowl StAR was highly homologous with other birds and highly conserved among species.The StAR gene was expressed in various tissues of ducks and geese,of which the highest expression level was in the testis,and it had higher expression levels in abdominal fat,breast muscle and leg muscle.Comparing the testis of male geese in different periods,it was found that the expression level of StAR gene was extremely significantly higher at age 3 years than that at age 1 and 52 days(P<0.01),and was extremely significantly higher in breeding period of adult male geese than that in restoration period(P<0.01).The results indicates that StAR gene may be a key gene for goose testis development and participate in the regulation of reproductive performance of adult male geese.