晋祠稻作农业文化遗产特征研究

Research on the Agrarian Cultural Heritage Characteristics of Rice Cultivation in Jinci

"千家溉禾稻,满目江乡田","皆如晋祠下,生民无旱年"。这是北宋文学家范仲淹描绘山西太原晋祠稻田生产与民生场景的诗句。晋祠地区有文字记载的种稻历史距今已有3500余年。因泉水灌溉,晋祠稻米品质优良,被称作"北米之最"。千百年来,当地农民利用独特的自然条件围绕泉水种稻,逐渐形成了水磨、造纸、山林、信仰、村落相连成一体的土地利用方式和复合农业系统,这一系统具有显著的农业文化遗产特征。

"a thousand families irrigate rice,and the countryside is covered with rivers and fields","all of them are like the Jinci Temple,and the people there live without droughts".This is a poem by Fan Zhongyan,a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty,describing the scene of rice production and people′s livelihood in Jinci Temple of Taiyuan,Shanxi Province.The history of growing rice in Jinci area has been recorded for more than 3500 years,and because of spring-based irrigation,the rice produced here is of excellent quality,known as"the best rice in the north".For thousands of years,the local farmers have cultivated rice around spring water by using unique natural conditions,and gradually formed a land-using mode and a compound agricultural system,which is connected by water mill,paper-making,mountain forest,belief and villages.This system has obvious characteristics of agrarian cultural heritage.