英印殖民政府的中印边界政策:差异与协调

The Policy Adopted by Britain and India on Tibet and China-India Boundary Issue:Difference and Coordination

自印度殖民政府成立以来,围绕在西藏的贸易收益、政治特权及边界划定等问题,英国政府与印度殖民政府互动与交涉频密。由不同的机构特质确定的视角差异,导致英、印在一系列问题上显现出不同的政策倾向,二者互动的结果也最终确定了对西藏的政策输出。探究英政府及印度政府对同一问题不同的政策考量,有助于解读英、印的政策初衷及其对中印边界问题产生的影响。为具体说明英国与印度殖民政府不同的政策立场及相互间的协调,文章以中印西段边界线、寇松前进政策与荣赫鹏侵藏事件、辛亥革命前后印度新边界构想作为案例,详细分析了英、印相关政策的由来、互动及确定,以此揭示英、印对西藏及中印边界问题的政策轨迹及隐含规律。

Since the establishment of the Indian colonial government,there has been frequent interaction and negotiation between the British government and the Indian colonial government on issues of trade gains,political privileges and border demarcation in Tibet.The differences in perspective determined by different institutional characteristics lead to different policy tendencies in Britain and India,and the results of the interaction between the two sides determine the policy on Tibet.Exploring the different policy considerations of the British government and the Indian government is helpful to interpret the original intention of policies and their impact on the border issue between China and India.In view of this,this paper attempts to analyze the origin,interaction and determination of the relevant policies of Britain and India,in order to explore the policy trajectory and inherent law of the Tibet issues and border issues between China and India.