岩溶隧道突水突泥致灾构造评判方法研究

Evaluation Method for Geological Structures of Water-bursting and Mud-bursting Disasters in Karst Tunnel

针对岩溶地区隧道工程建设广泛面临的突水、突泥灾害风险,提出一种集成地质识别、物探解译和钻探揭露的突水、突泥致灾构造评判方法。结合岩溶发育及其工程地质特征,提出突水、突泥构造在地质识别、地质雷达法等勘探手段中的典型判据。以重庆石柱至黔江高速公路七曜山隧道为案例,阐述该评判方法的实施流程及原则。结果表明:岩层倾角及其组合方式、地质构造、地表形态等地质因素显著影响突水、突泥的发育及发生过程,且上述因素在地质雷达探测及钻探揭露过程中存在明显征兆及典型判据;岩溶隧道突水、突泥致灾构造评判方法以“地质先行,物钻协作,贯穿全程,动态反馈”为实施原则,能够有效提高致灾构造的识别准确度。

Focusing on the risk of water-bursting and mud-bursting disasters in tunnel construction in karst area,a method for evaluating their geological structures which integrates geological identification,geophysical interpretation and drilling exposure was proposed in this paper.Combined with the karst development and its engineering geological characteristics,the typical criteria of water-bursting and mud-bursting disasters in geological identification and geological radar method were analyzed.Taking the Qiyaoshan Tunnel of Shizhu^Qianjiang Expressway in Chongqing as an example,the implementation process and principles of the evaluation method were described.The results are as follows.Geological factors such as dip angle and its combination mode,geological structure and surface morphology significantly affect the development and occurrence process of water and mud bursting,and there are obvious symptoms and typical criteria in the process of geological radar detection and drilling exposure.Based on the principle of"Geology first,material drilling cooperation,throughout the whole process,dynamic feedback",the method can effectively improve the identification accuracy of water-bursting and mud-bursting structures.