高速轮轨有害磨耗形成机理及其反馈负面影响研究

Investigations on Detrimental Wear Formation Mechanism of High-Speed Rails and Feedback Negative Impacts

安全稳定裕度不充裕是高速轮轨有害磨耗形成的一个主要相关影响因素,其与轮轨关系并无十分明显的相关性影响.如ICE3系列转向架原型及改进设计,一次蛇行导致不合理的轮轨匹配条件,λ(eN)=0.166.动态仿真分析表明:在特定的(非)结构摄动影响下,如侧风对车体扰动或钢轨打磨处理累计误差,λe<0.10,一次蛇行转变为二次蛇行并发生瞬间高速晃车现象,因而车轮磨耗指数呈现十分明显的V字型分布形态.考虑到直线运行或大半径曲线通过,车轮踏面将会逐渐形成凹坑磨耗.车轮自旋蠕滑奇异性是磨耗轮轨不良接触所造成的主要有害影响之一,进而导致转向架振动报警或抖车故障.在新建有砟/无砟铁路服役条件下,轮轨滚动接触不均匀磨耗影响会在整个铁路网内不断扩大.

The insufficient margin for safety and stability is one of main associated influential factors to the detrimental wear formation of high-speed rails,which have less great dependences on the wheel-rail relation.For the original and improved designs of ICE3 serial bogies,the primary hunting phenomenon leads to the unreasonable wheel-rail matching conditions,λeN=0166.The dynamical simulation analyses indicate that under some specific(non-)structural perturbations,eg side-wind disturbances to carbodies or accumulated errors due to rail grinding transactions,λe<010,the primary hunting can be transformed to the secondary hunting phenomenon,and the high-speed carbody shaking occurs thereby.As a result,the wheel wear indexes present the V-type distribution patterns.When considering the tangent running or large radius curve negotiation,the local hollow wear will be formed gradually on the wheel treads.Notwithstanding the wheel spin singularity is one of main detrimental impacts produced by the worn wheel-rail bad contacts,which cause the bogie vibration alarm or carbody flutter faults.Under the service conditions of new-built ballast or ballastless rails,the continuously extension of wheel-rail rolling contact wear ununiformity will have a severity influence on the entire railway network.