建立健全新型动物防疫体系的若干思考

Some Thoughts on the Development of New Animal Disease Prevention System

建设和完善动物防疫体系,提高动物疫病的防控能力,是实现畜牧业健康稳定发展的前提。《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和二〇三五年远景目标的建议》提出:健全动物防疫和农作物病虫害防治体系,为建立健全新型动物防疫体系强化的政策基础。本文重点从机构设置、人员结构、工资待遇等层面阐述了机构改革后动物防疫体系的发展现状,剖析了当前基层面临的机构隶属关系不清晰、专业人才储备不足、动物防疫机构数量少、工作经费短缺等发展痛点。由此根据当前面临的挑战,提出应完善各级动物防疫体系建设,落实“三权归县、服务在乡”要求,支持基层兽医实验室队伍建设和乡村防疫人员收入水平,强化疫情处置应急队伍培训力度等发展对策,为牢实动物防疫体系前期建设基础,展望新型动物防疫工作发展未来提供政策参考。

The preconditions to stabilize the healthy development of animal husbandry included developing animal disease prevention system and improving the ability of animal disease control.It was stated that,in the Proposal of the CPC Central Committee on Formulating the 14th Five-year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-term Goals for the year of 2035,“the policy foundation to establish and improve the new animal disease prevention system was improving animal disease or crop disease/pest prevention system.”In this paper,the status of such system after institutional reform was discussed from the aspects of institutional structuring,personnel structure,wages and benefits,etc.The pain points encountered in the field were analyzed,including unclear organization affiliation,lack of professional talent reserve,fewer institutions for animal disease control,shortage of working funds,etc.,based on which,some countermeasures were put forward,such as improving the system at all levels,satisfying the requirements of“human,financial and physical authorities(three-authority)decentralized to counties,and delivery of service in township”,supporting the construction of grass-roots veterinary laboratory team and the income of rural animal disease workers,and strengthening the training for emergency response team,so as to consolidate the preliminary foundation of animal disease prevention system and to provide policy reference for the development of relevant work in the future.